酶法提高芋头浆中淀粉水解率的工艺条件研究
Study on technological conditions for improving enzymatic hydrolysis rate of taro starch in taro slurry by enzymatic hydrolysis method
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摘要: 针对芋头浆中被粘多糖蛋白质和果胶等粘性物质包裹的淀粉难以水解的难题,研究采用复合纤维素酶-果胶酶和中性蛋白酶分步酶解法对芋头浆进行前处理,以提高α-淀粉酶酶解芋头浆淀粉的水解率。通过单因素实验和正交实验优化,结果表明,复合纤维素酶-果胶酶酶解最佳条件为:添加量0.2%,酶配比1∶1,pH5.8,酶解时间40min;中性蛋白酶酶解最佳条件为:添加量0.8%,pH7.3,酶解温度48℃,作用时间7.0h,该条件下,芋头浆出汁率和蛋白质水解率分别达到74.67%和40.46%。对经上述酶法预处理后的芋头浆中的淀粉进行酶水解,其水解率高达87.39%,与芋头原浆直接酶解相比提高了33.07%。Abstract: Taro starch was packed by viscous material such as mucopolysaccharide protein and pectin, resulting in the difficulty of starch hydrolysis in taro slurry. With the aim to solve the difficulty, this study developed a pretreatment method by stepwise enzymatic hydrolysis with compound cellulase-pectinase followed by neutral protease to improve enzymatic hydrolysis rate of taro starch with thermo- stable α- amylase. The optimal conditions for taro starch pretreatment process were determined by single factor and orthogonal experiment as follows:compound cellulose-pectinase 0.2%, the ratio of enzyme 1∶1, pH5.8, and enzymolysis time 40min, neutral proteinase 0.8%, pH7.3, temperature 48℃ for a hydrolysis duration of 7.0h. In this condition, the juice yield and protein hydrolysis rate reached 74.67% and 40.46% respectively. The enzymatic hydrolysis rate of starch in the taro slurry preprocessed by the above method was 87.39%. And the rate of hydrolysis was33.07% higher than that of taro slurry not pretreated.