用毛细管电泳检测牦牛、犏牛和藏黄牛乳中β-乳球蛋白的三种遗传变异体
Detection of three genetic variants of β-lactoglobulin in milk of yak, cattle-yak and Tibetan Yellow cattle by capillary electrophoresis
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摘要: 利用毛细管电泳（CE）分离牛乳中β-乳球蛋白（β-Lg）的三种遗传变异体,为牛乳的质量监控提供方法。分别制备牦牛、犏牛和藏黄牛乳清,用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳（PAGE）和CE分析乳清蛋白。结果表明,CE法与PAGE法都能有效分离β-Lg的三种遗传变异体;在牦牛乳中加入不同比例的犏牛乳,用CE法可检测到的犏牛乳最低添加比例约为5%,线性关系好。另外,对藏黄牛杂合型β-Lg的两种遗传变异体分析显示,CE法比PAGE法能更准确对β-Lg A和β-Lg B的相对比例进行分析。本研究结果表明,CE方法能对乳中β-Lg的三种遗传变异体进行有效分离和定量分析,在牦牛乳的质量监控方面具有潜在的应用价值。Abstract: The purpose of this study was to separate three genetic variants ofβ-lactoglobulin ( β-Lg) in bovine milk using capillary electrophoresis ( CE) , in order to provide method for milk quality control. Whey samples were prepared from whole milk of yak, cattle- yak and Tibetan Yellow cattle, and analyzed by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis ( PAGE) and CE, respectively.The results showed that both CE and PAGE could separate the three genetic variants of β- Lg; the analysis of yak milk samples added with different proportions of cattle- yak milk showed that CE method was able to detect as low as 5% of added cattle- yak milk with excellent linear relationship.In addition, the analysis of two genetic variants ofβ- Lg in Tibetan Yellow cattle with heterozygous genotype of β-Lg showed that CE method could more accurately determine the relative proportion of β-Lg A andβ-Lg B than PAGE.The results of this study indicated that CE method could effectively separate and quantify the three genetic variants of β-Lg and has potential applications in yak milk quality control.
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