Abstract: Walnut is regarded as one of major food allergen in plant nuts.Quick, precise and economical detection of walnut allergen has been a hotspot in food, medical and health industries.It is well known that six proteins Juglans Jug r 1⁴, Juglans Jug n 1 and Jug n 2 are major allergens in walnut, which are characteristic of high allergenicity and can cause severe anaphylactic response.Currently, the main successful applied methods to detect walnut allergens are ELSIA and PCR.Enforcing the research of walnut allergens and their detection methods could provide the theoretical references for the allergen detection in different food sources and the ensure of food safety for human health.