Abstract: In order to prediction the quality of Litsea cubeba during ripening period rapidly, the changes of color, essential oil, citral and kernel oil content were studied.The results showed that the color and the content of essential oil increased gradually, while citral and kernan oil was rising with extend of time, and then declining.According to the correlation analysis and stepwise regression analysis using SPSS software, it was demonstrated that a significant negative correlation between chemical compositions and L*, in addition, significant positive correlations were also found between chemical compositions and a*or h, and the regression equations respectively were essetenial oil content Y 1 =-0.071h + 8.556 (R2= 0.958, p < 0.01) , citral content Y 2 = 7.707a*+ 1.588C + 53.374 (R2= 0.922, p < 0.05) , kernal oil content Y 3 = 3.510a*+ 43.072 (R2= 0.857, p < 0.01) .