Abstract: Compared with traditional biochips, the visualized signals of optical biochip are able to be caught by unaided eyes without any specific equipment. The optical biochip technology has provided a new platform for rapid detection of food safety. It was briefly reviewed about the fundamental mechanism and varieties of optical biochip technology and its progresses. These discussions were mainly focused on the food detection, including on food borne pathogenic microorganisms, genetically modified organisms, the authenticity of vegetable oils and food allergens. In addition, the current status and perspectives of optical biochip were discussed.