Abstract: Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is an effective non-labeled bio-physical technology for the study on the stability of molecules and biological molecules, which has been successfully applied into simple, fast, no marked biosensors.It was introduced in detailed in this review that the basic principles and the characteristic, SPR biosensor equipment and the application of detecting food allergens.The current investigations indicated that SPR biosensor was more rapid, sensitive and accurate in detecting the major allergens in milk, nuts, eggs and fish products.SPR will develop into an important approach to analyze food allergens.